C Program to calculate nPr (Permutation) and nCr (Combination) using loop

1.) nPr (Permutation):-

Permutation is used to calculate the number of ways to arrange r objects selected from n objects, where order is important.

Formula

nPr = n! / (n − r)!

C Program

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
long int n, r, i;
long int factn = 1, factnr = 1;
long int npr;
printf("Enter positive integer value of n: ");
scanf("%ld", &n);
printf("Enter positive integer value of r: ");
scanf("%ld", &r);
if (n >= r && r >= 0)
{
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
factn = factn * i;
for (i = 1; i <= n - r; i++)
factnr = factnr * i;
npr = factn / factnr;
printf("nPr value = %ld", npr);
}
else
{
printf("Invalid input! Ensure n >= r >= 0.");
}
return 0;
}

Sample Output

Enter positive integer value of n: 5
Enter positive integer value of r: 2
nPr value = 20

Explanation (English)

The program calculates the factorial of n and n-r using for loops. It then applies the permutation formula to calculate nPr.

व्याख्या (हिन्दी)

यह प्रोग्राम for लूप की सहायता से n तथा n-r के फैक्टोरियल की गणना करता है। इसके बाद Permutation के सूत्र का उपयोग करके nPr का मान निकालता है।

Example

If 5 objects are available and 2 objects are arranged, there are 20 possible permutations because order matters.

यदि 5 वस्तुओं में से 2 वस्तुओं को क्रम में व्यवस्थित किया जाता है, तो कुल 20 Permutation बनते हैं, क्योंकि यहाँ क्रम महत्वपूर्ण होता है।


2.) nCr (Combination):-

Combination is used to calculate the number of ways to select r objects from n objects without considering their order.

Formula

nCr = n! / (r! × (n − r)!)

C Program

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
long int n, r, i;
long int factn = 1, factr = 1, factnr = 1;
long int ncr;
printf("Enter positive integer value of n: ");
scanf("%ld", &n);
printf("Enter positive integer value of r: ");
scanf("%ld", &r);
if (n >= r && r >= 0)
{
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
factn = factn * i;
for (i = 1; i <= r; i++)
factr = factr * i;
for (i = 1; i <= n - r; i++)
factnr = factnr * i;
ncr = factn / (factr * factnr);
printf("nCr value = %ld", ncr);
}
else
{
printf("Invalid input! Ensure n >= r >= 0.");
}
return 0;
}

Sample Output

Enter positive integer value of n: 5
Enter positive integer value of r: 2
nCr value = 10

Explanation (English)

The program calculates the factorials of n, r, and n-r using for loops. It then applies the combination formula to calculate nCr.

व्याख्या (हिन्दी)

यह प्रोग्राम for लूप की सहायता से n, r तथा n-r के फैक्टोरियल की गणना करता है। इसके बाद Combination के सूत्र का उपयोग करके nCr का मान निकालता है।

Example

If 5 objects are available and 2 objects are selected, there are 10 possible combinations.

यदि 5 वस्तुओं में से 2 वस्तुओं का चयन किया जाता है, तो कुल 10 Combination बनते हैं।

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